CHARON-AXP for Linux installation

Table of contents

Introduction

CHARON-AXP products are distributed in form of archive TAR.GZ files that contain RPM modules for different components. Generally it is recommended to install all the RPM modules, but it is possible to omit some RPMs if they are not needed.

CHARON installation consists of the following steps:

• Host system checks (hardware and software) to ensure the host platform meets minimum CHARON-AXP installation requirements
• Installation of any 3rd party material, for example, utilities required for CHARON-AXP
• Extracting CHARON-AXP  RPM modules from the TAR.GZ archive, and their individual installation
• Installation of CHARON-AXP license (hardware dongle or software license)
• CHARON-AXP host system configuration. It assumes creating a specific user, network configuration etc.

Let's go through CHARON-AXP installation sequence step by step.

Back to Table of Contents

Hardware Requirements

Number of CPU cores

Each CHARON-AXP emulated CPU requires a corresponding physical core. So the total number of the host CPUs must exceed the number of emulated CPUs since some of the host CPUs must be dedicated to serving CHARON I/O operations and host operating system needs. If several CHARON instances run in parallel, the required number of CPU cores is summarized.

The following table shows the minimum and recommended number of CPUs required for each product for one instance (note that each product instance is able to run on 2 CPU cores hosts, but this configuration does not support emulation of all the virtual CPUs):

When starting, the CHARON-AXP software checks the available number of host CPU cores. Currently, this check is based on the maximum number of AXP CPUs that can be emulated, not on the number of the actually configured AXP CPUs. Therefore the number of host CPU cores recommended for the maximum number of emulated CPUs - as shown in the right column of the table above - must be available. If the available number of host CPU cores is below this number, CHARON-AXP will issue a warning message even if the requirements for the configured number of AXP CPUs are fulfilled. The CHARON-AXP software will work despite this warning if the requirements for the configured number of AXP CPUs are fulfilled.

CPU type and speed

Since CHARON-AXP utilizes LAHF instruction in HP Alpha CPU emulation please avoid usage of early AMD64 and Intel 64 CPUs in CHARON host system since they lack it. AMD introduced the instruction with their Athlon 64, Opteron and Turion 64 revision D processors in March 2005 while Intel introduced the instruction with the Pentium 4 G1 stepping in December 2005.

Concerning CPU speed the general recommendation is that higher CPU frequency is better since it allows better emulated HP Alpha performance. The minimal recommendation is at least 3 GHz.

Operative memory

The minimum host memory size depends on the amount of HP Alpha memory to be emulated and on the number of CHARON-AXP instances to be run on one host.
The minimum host memory is calculated according to the following formula:

The minimum host memory = (2Gb +  the amount of HP Alpha memory emulated) per CHARON-AXP instance.

Disk storage

When installed, CHARON-AXP takes approximately 50 MB of disk space for its files, not counting any virtual HP Alpha disks/tapes (which appear as standard files).
When virtual HP Alpha disks/tapes are used to represent HP Alpha disk drives / magnetic tapes, the disk/tape image files have the same size as the equivalent HP Alpha diskhardware, regardless of their degree of utilization. So the total amount of a disk space required for CHARON-AXP can be calculated as a sum of the disk/tape images sizes plus 50 MB plus space required for the normal host system.

Ethernet adapters

CHARON-AXP networking assumes dedicated host Ethernet adapters; their number must be equal to the emulated adapters to be configured in CHARON-AXP. One adapter (optionally) can be left to the host for TCP/IP networking etc. It is also possible to use virtual network interfaces, but in consideration of performance, it is recommended to use physical ones only.

Back to Table of Contents

Software Requirements

• Fedora Core Linux version 20
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 6.2-6.5, 7 (excluding 'ncu' utility)

Back to Table of Contents

Host system preparation

In case network-wide license (red dongle or software license) is going to be used, do the following:

• On server side (where network license will reside): open port 1947 for both TCP and UDP
• On clients side: open UDP ports 30000-65535
• Both on server and client sides: setup default gateway

Please consult with your Linux User's Guide on details.

Back to Table of Contents

Before installation

1. Login as the superuser ("root") on the host system. Because Sentinel HASP runtime relies on 32-bit compatibility libraries to run on Linux, the 32-bit compatibility libraries must be installed before continuing. If the emulator host has access to a package repository, either local or remote, use the following command:

   # yum install glibc.i686

   Sometimes it is not possible to use an online repository for the installation of 32-bit glibc package. In this case the following procedure should be followed:

   1. If you have a Linux distributibe CD-ROM, insert it into CD-ROM drive

   1.1. If auto-mount is not enabled, mount the CD-ROM. Example:

   # mount /dev/sr0 /mnt

   2. If you have an ISO image of the distribution CD, you can mount it using a loopback device:

   # mount /path/to/ISO-image.iso /mnt -o loop

   3. Switch to the directory containing the packages. This directory depends on your Linux distribution. Example:

   # cd /mnt/Packages/

   4. Locate the target "glibc.i686" package:

   # ls -la glibc-*i686.rpm

   5. Install the "glibc.i686" and the packages it depends on. Example:

   # rpm -i glibc-2.17-157.el7.i686.rpm nss-softokn-freebl-3.16.2.3-14.4.el7.i686.rpm

   6. If the above command reports additional unsatisfied dependencies, add the corresponding packages to the above command line.

   7. Umount the CD-ROM or ISO file if necessary:

   # umount /mnt

         

2. Create a special directory for the CHARON-AXP distribution and copy the TAR.GZ files there. Set this directory as the default with a "cd" command as shown in the following example:

   # mkdir /charon_dist # cp /temp/charon-axp-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.tar.gz /charon_dist # cd /charon_dist

   Back to Table of Contents

Distribution preparation

1. Extract the content of the distribution TAR.GZ files to the current directory:

   # tar -xvzf charon-axp-<PRODUCT>-<VER>-<BN>.<VC>.<ZZ>.tar.gz

   where:

   	Description
   PRODUCT	Name of CHARON-AXP product, for example 'es40'.  This field may be absent in recent kits
   VER	Version of CHARON-AXP product, for example 4.6
   BN	Build Number of CHARON-AXP product, for example 16803
   VC	68704 - CHARON-AXP product vendor code
   ZZ	CHARON-AXP target operating system identifier. For Fedora Core 20 'ZZ' value is 'fc20', for Red Hat Linux v6.2-6.5 and 7 the value is 'el65'

   Example (The "PRODUCT" field is absent):

   # tar -xvzf charon-axp-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.tar.gz

   As result, a new directory "charon-axp-<PRODUCT>-<VER>-<BN>.<VC>.<ZZ>" will be created.
    

2. Switch to the directory, created by "tar" on the previous step:

   # cd charon-axp-<PRODUCT>-<VER>-<BN>.<VC>.<ZZ>

   Example:

   # cd charon-axp-4.6-16803.68704.fc20

        

3. The "main" RPM files of CHARON-AXP products are:

   File name	Description
   charon-axp-4100-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/4100
   charon-axp-ds10-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/DS10
   charon-axp-ds20-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/DS20
   charon-axp-es40-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/ES40
   charon-axp-gs80-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/GS80
   charon-axp-gs160-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/GS160
   charon-axp-gs320-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON-AXP/GS320

       
   The distribution directory also contains the following RPM files with additional material, libraries and utilities:

   File name	Description
   aksusbd-2.4-1.i386.rpm	HASP Run-time
   charon-base-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	CHARON Libraries
   charon-hasp-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	hasp_srm_view utility and specific libraries for software licenses support
   charon-ncu-VER-BN.VC.ZZ.x86_64.rpm	Network Configuration Utility ("ncu")

   Example:

   # ls aksusbd-2.4-1.i386.rpm charon-base-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-hasp-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-4100-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-ds10-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-ds20-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-es40-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-gs80-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-gs160-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-axp-gs320-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm charon-ncu-4.6-16803.68704.fc20.x86_64.rpm

   Back to Table of Contents

Installation

Issue the following command to install all the RPMs in the directory:

Enter "y" to agree to install all the listed packages.

Example:

Check that the installation process has completed successfully.

Example:

Re-login (as "root") to apply PATH settings or execute the following command:

Back to Table of Contents

CHARON-AXP home directory

By default CHARON is installed in the "/opt/charon" directory. It has the following subdirectories:

The most important at this stage is the "/cfg" directory since it contains template configuration files with examples of typical configuration parameters and commentaries. We will pay our attention to this subject in the next chapter.

Back to Table of Contents

Specific user account creation

Create a specific account "charon" for running CHARON:

Any existing user can also be used to run CHARON. In this case issue the following command to include this existing user to specific groups:

Example:

Back to Table of Contents

License installation

Regular HASP USB dongle

If CHARON license represents a regular USB dongle just connect it to the host USB port.

Network HASP USB dongle

If CHARON license is a network license (red USB dongle) it is possible either to connect it to the host USB port (to use it locally providing it to other hosts on local network in the same time) or to install it on some local network "server" for remote access from this particular host.

In case of remote usage:

• Copy aksusbd-2.4-1.i386.rpm and charon-hasp-4.6-<build>.68704.<OS identifier>.x86_64.rpm files (see above) to the server to some directory, for example "/temp"
• Login as "root" to the server
• Switch to that directory

• Install the copied file using "yum"
  Example:

  # cd /temp # yum install aksusbd* charon-hasp-*

• Connect the network HASP dongle to the server USB port.

Software license

If CHARON license is a software license (SL) it is required to install it on the host using the following procedure:

1. Run hasp_srm_view utility in the following way to get the host fingerprint file ("my_host.c2v" in this example):

   # hasp_srm_view -fgp my_host.c2v

2. Send the resulting file to STROMASYS. In return STROMASYS will provide you with a "*.v2c" file, for example "your_license.v2c"
3. Copy the received "your_license.v2c" file to CHARON host to any folder then invoke the system default web browser and enter URL http://localhost:1947 to display "Sentinel Admin Control Center" (ACC) web interface. This interface allows you to view and manage CHARON licenses.
4. In the ACC use the following menu items: first "Browse" for the "your_license.v2c" file and then secondly "Apply File"
5. Ensure that the software license appears now in the "Sentinel Keys" menu of the ACC.

Back to Table of Contents

License validity verification

Check available CHARON license validity. To do that invoke the hasp_srm_view utility to make sure that CHARON license is visible and looks Ok:

• Text of the license is displayed correctly by the hasp_srm_view utility, no error messages are shown
• Content of the license looks correct. For example license number, major and minor versions, minimum and maximum build numbers, CHARON-AXP products and allowed hardware (CHARON-AXP models) should be checked. More details on the license content can be found in the CHARON-AXP Licensing chapter of this Guide.

Example:

Troubleshooting

If CHARON license content cannot be displayed by hasp_srm_view utility or it is incorrect, check the license is available and correctly used:

1. Invoke the system default web browser and enter URL http://localhost:1947 to display "Sentinel Admin Control Center" (ACC) web interface.
2. Click on "Sentinel Keys" link to open up "Sentinel Keys Section" page
3. Make sure that one and only one CHARON HASP or SL license is present.

Removing licenses can be done by physical disconnection of the corresponding USB HASP keys from CHARON host and physical disconnection of the network HASP keys from all hosts on local network (or by disabling remote access to network licenses from CHARON host - see detailed explanations below). Software licenses can also be uninstalled with hasp_srm_view utility "-tfr" option in the following way:

Example:

It is also possible to disable access to network licenses if just a local license must be used: Click on "Configuration" link to open up "Configuration for Sentinel Manager" page. Uncheck "Allow Access to Remote Licenses" and "Broadcast Search for Remote Licenses" checkboxes from the "Access to Remote License Managers" tab, then press "Submit" button to apply changes.

Back to Table of Contents

Network configuration

In most cases it is assumed that CHARON will use network. In this case some important steps must be performed, since CHARON requires a dedicated network interface cleared from any other protocols including TCP/IP.

Two ways of network configuration are possible:

• Manual
• With a help of "ncu" utility

The second way is a way simplier, so use manual approach only in absence of "ncu" utility or impossibility to use it.

Configuration with NCU utility

Login as root. Type "ncu" and press Enter. The following menu will appear:

==================================================================
bridge name     bridge id        STP enabled            interfaces

The utility lists available network interfaces (both physical and virtual) and indicates whether they are dedicated to the host or to CHARON and whether they are currently in use by host operating system.

"ncu" offers several options:

• Dedicate interface to CHARON (press "1")
• Release interface to host (press "2")
• Create a bridge between a chosen physical network interface and the Linux virtual network and create a number of virtual network interfaces (press "3")
• Remove the Linux virtual network and all the created virtual network interfaces (press "4")
• Print status (press "5") - use it to display status of network interfaces and the menu shown above
• Exit (press "6")

In the example above we see 2 network interfaces - "eth0" and "eth1", both of them are dedicated to host, but host uses only the interface "eth0".

Let's dedicate the interface "eth1" to CHARON-AXP.

Enter "1", then type "eth1" and press Enter:

Now the interface "eth1" is dedicated to CHARON-AXP:

==================================================================
bridge name     bridge id        STP enabled            interfaces

Enter "6" to return to console prompt.

Now "eth1" can be used by CHARON-AXP.

Manual Configuration

Choosing network interface

To choose an interface to be used for CHARON networking do the following:

Choose some interface to be used by CHARON, for example "eth1"

Designation of network interface to CHARON

To designate the chosen interface to CHARON open up the file "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ethN" (where N is the number of the interface to be used for CHARON, in our case it is "1") and make sure that all the IP-setup related parameters are removed. Basically the file must look like this ("eth1" is used as example):

Switching off the offload parameters

A first step is to find what additional parameters are currently set to "on" on the host network adapter to be used by CHARON. To do that issue:

Example:

Then use ethtool to switch off all the offload parameters:

Example:

For the example above let's create a temporary file containing the commands to be run on system startup, since the offload parameters must be switched off on each reboot:

Let's suppose that the name of the file is "offload_off_eth1.txt". In this case running it on system startup can be done in the following ways:

On Red Hat Linux:

On Fedora Core:

# echo '#!/usr/bin/bash' > /etc/rc.d/rc.local       Do not use double quotes, use single ones # cat offload_off_eth1.txt >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.local  # ln -s /usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service  # systemctl daemon-reload

Back to Table of Contents

Final steps

• Reboot the host system to apply the offload parameters switching off
• Login as user "charon"

Back to Table of Contents

Upgrade to new version

To upgrade already installed CHARON-AXP kit to more recent one:

1. Ensure your license allows you to upgrade. If not, please generate a C2V file and send it to STROMASYS for update. See CHARON-AXP for Linux utilities - 'hasp_srm_view' utility
2. Prepare the new kit RPM files as it is described in "Before Installation" and "Distribution preparation" sections.
3. Stop all running CHARON-AXP instances.
4. Make sure that no template files (i.e. "es40.cfg.template") have been used for your specific configuration. Otherwise copy those files to some save place.
5. Login as "root" user.
6. Proceed with the same instructions on the new kit installation as described in "Installation" section.
    Note that this time "yum" will request you to confirm the existing kit update. Confirm that.

7. If a new license is required for the new CHARON-AXP kit install it as described in "License installation" section. Otherwise just skip this step.

8. Start all the CHARON-AXP services stopped on the step (2).

Back to Table of Contents