Contents

Prerequisites

The use of a Charon VE License Server has a number of prerequisites:

The VE license server itself
1. VE license server package
2. A suitable Linux instance to be used as the VE license server. This instance must run
  1. in a supported cloud environment,
  2. in a supported VMware environment, or
  3. on a supported physical server.
Correct firewall settings
The VE-capable Charon emulator software
1. For general VE mode: must run on a Charon host with appropriate network access to the VE license server (see restrictions for VMware environments in the section Charon VE-Capable Emulator and Management Software below).
2. For AutoVE mode: a Charon instance launched from a compatible Automatic Licensing marketplace image. Please note that the AutoVE definitions must be added before the first launch of such an instance.

These requirements are described in more detail below.

VE License Server Package

The Charon VE License Server package is delivered as an RPM package. Stromasys or your Stromasys VAR will provide you with the software or a download link.

Package name:

license-server-<version>.rpm

Where <version> indicates the version of the software, for example, 2.0.1.

Linux Instance for the License Server

The license server package must be installed on a supported Linux instance. This instance can run in a supported cloud, in a supported VMware environment, or on a physical host.

Currently Supported Cloud Providers

At the time of writing, the following cloud providers are supported by the VE license server:

Amazon AWS
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
Microsoft Azure
Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
IBM cloud
Nutanix AHV

Please refer to your cloud provider's documentation for configuring and launching an appropriate instance. A description of the basic steps of launching a cloud instance can be found in Additional Information and in the cloud-specific Getting Started guides on the Charon-SSP and Charon-PAR documentation pages.

Depending on the cloud environment, Stromasys may offer prepackaged Charon VE images on selected cloud marketplaces. Such images include the Charon VE-enabled emulator software (already installed) and the VE License Server RPM package (can be installed optionally). An instance launched from a prepackaged image can also be used as a VE license server. Newer versions of Charon-SSP AL marketplace images also contain the VE License Server RPM that can be installed optionally.

Currently Supported VMware Platforms and Requirements

Below are the VMware Platforms supported by the VE license server at the time of writing, and the associated requirements:

Requirements for direct ESXi host binding

The VE license server must run in one of the VMs on the ESXi server.
Any Charon emulator using the VE license server must run either on the same VM as the VE license server or on a VM running on the same ESXi host.
ESXi/vSphere version 6.5 and above.
Valid license that supports the vSphere API feature. Otherwise the license server fails to start with the message
Failed to detect ESXi/vCenter Server.
Ports 443 (TCP) and 902 (TCP, UDP) on the ESXi system must be accessible to the VE license server host.
100 MB of free disk space on the ESXi server to be used by the VE license server host.
User and password on the ESXi/vSphere host used for the binding between license server and ESXi/vSphere host.

The user used in the esxi_bind command must have at least the following permissions that are assigned via a custom role definition (please note that the permission paths/names can be slightly different depending on the vSphere version):

Datastore > Allocate Space
VirtualMachine > Config > AddNewDisk
VirtualMachine > Config > RemoveDisk

Requirements for vCenter Server binding

The VE license server must run in a VM on one of the ESXi systems managed by the vCenter Server.
Any Charon emulator using the VE license server must run either on the same VM as the VE license server or on a VM on an ESXi host managed by the same vCenter Server.
vCenter Server version 6.5 and above.
Valid license that supports the vSphere API feature. Otherwise the license server fails to start with the message
Failed to detect ESXi/vCenter Server.
Ports 443 (TCP) and 902 (TCP, UDP) on the vCenter system must be accessible to the VE license server host.
100 MB of free disk space on the vCenter Server to be used by the VE license server host.
User and password on the vCenter Server used for the binding between license server and vCenter Server.

The user used in the esxi_bind command must have at least the following permissions that are assigned via a custom role definition (please note that the permission paths/names can be slightly different depending on the vSphere version) :

Datastore > Allocate Space
VirtualMachine > Config > AddNewDisk
VirtualMachine > Config > RemoveDisk

Please note: vMotion for the virtual machine running the VE license server can only be used if the license server binds to the vCenter Server. The target system must be managed by the same vCenter Server.

The VE license server for VMware environments has also been tested successfully in a Google GCVE (Google Cloud VMware Engine) environment. Please contact Stromasys to discuss your requirements if you need this product combination.

Currently Supported Physical Servers

At the time of writing, the following physical platforms are supported by the VE license server:

Modern Intel x86 or AMD platform with sufficient resources for the required Linux operating system

Linux Host Requirements for the VE License Server

The Linux system on which the VE license server runs must fulfill the requirements described below.

Linux Hardware and Software requirements

Software requirements for the VE License Server itself:

Red Hat, CentOS, or Oracle Linux (64-bit) versions 7.x or 8.x
Rocky Linux 8.1 - 8.5

Basic hardware requirements (cloud instance capabilities or VMware host configuration) for running only the license server:

Must be sufficient for the selected Linux operating system.

Additional hardware requirements (cloud instance capabilities or VMware host configuration) for running the emulator software on the same system:

If the license server is combined with the Charon emulator software on the same instance, the instance used must satisfy the requirements of the Charon emulator host and all instances that will run on it. Please refer to your product-specific documentation for more information:

Additional Linux Host Requirements for AWS cloud (for VE license server versions < 1.1.23)

Only required for VE license server versions earlier than 1.1.23.

In the AWS cloud, an IAM role allowing the ListUsers action (IAMReadOnlyAccess in the example below) must be attached to the VE license server instance. This can be done during the launch of the instance as shown in the sample below.

Alternatively, the role can be set/changed by selecting the instance, right-clicking on it, and selecting Security > Modify IAM Role (in the older AWS console, use the Action menu). If such a role has not yet been defined, please refer to Creating and Attaching an AWS IAM Role (versions < 1.1.23 only) and to the documentation provided by AWS for additional information.

Additional Linux Host Requirements for IBM cloud

For the VE license server to work properly in the IBM cloud, an API key must be created and installed. Please refer to Creating and Installing an IBM API Key.

Firewall Considerations

Communication Between License Server and Client Systems

Any intermediate firewall as well as the cloud-specific subnet and instance security settings must permit the necessary ports for the appropriate source systems:

Basic license operation
The TCP port that is used by the license client to access the license must be permitted on the license server, and by any intermediate firewall.
Default: TCP/8083; an alternative port can be configured in /opt/license-server/config.ini.
Access to license server web interface
- The TCP port used by remote systems to web-based management interface must be permitted on the license server, and by any intermediate firewall.
  Default: TCP/8084; an alternative port can be configured in /opt/license-server/config.ini.
- TCP port 80 must be available to the license server to redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS. For remote connections, the port must also be permitted through intermediate firewalls. Starting with version 1.1.25, redirection (and thereby use of TCP port 80) can be enabled or disabled in /opt/license-server/config.ini.
- Important: at the time of writing, the web-server component of the license server applications will not start if a port required by the web server is already used by another application. This will also prevent the licensing component from starting.

See Additional Configuration Options - the config.ini File.

See Cloud-Specific Firewall Information for an overview about the traffic filtering mechanisms used in the different cloud environments.

Simplified sample commands if firewalld is used on the Linux system:

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=8084/tcp

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=80/tcp

# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-port=8083/tcp

# firewall-cmd --reload

The default zone name can be found with the command firewall-cmd --get-default-zone, a list of all zones can be displayed with the command firewall-cmd --get-zones.
The parameter --permanent writes the command to the respective firewalld configuration files. To add the command to the running firewall, re-run it without the parameter --permanent.
The simplified sample above does not limit the source IP address to the addresses of the license clients. This would require a more sophisticated configuration. Please refer to the documentation of your Linux system.

Communication between Primary and Backup AutoVE License Servers

When AutoVE mode is used, the primary and backup license servers can synchronize their database of registered clients. The TCP port for this synchronization must be permitted on both servers. Default: TCP/8085; an alternative port can be configured in /opt/license-server/config.ini.

Communication Between License Server and Cloud Infrastructure

The license server must be able to access information provided by the cloud infrastructure. In particular, it must be able to communicate with the following addresses/systems:

The metadata server of the cloud environment (169.254.169.254) on AWS, Azure, OCI, and GCP
If running a VE license server version before 1.1.23 on AWS, the host iam.amazonaws.com
If running on GCP there are the following additional requirements:
- Access to the host www.googleapis.com.
- Service account and role assigned to the instance that allow access to the API and metadata server.
  This is normally provided by the Compute Engine default service account and the Default access scope in the Identity and API access section. Do not change the default assignment unless know how to assign the required permissions in a custom configuration. If the permissions are not correct, the fingerprint creation will fail with Failed to retrieve instance document.
If running on the IBM cloud, the hosts iam.cloud.ibm.com and resource-controller.cloud.ibm.com

Any intermediate firewall as well as the cloud-specific subnet and instance security settings must permit communication with these systems for the VE license server to function properly. See Cloud-Specific Firewall Information for an overview about the mechanisms used in the different cloud environments, and your Linux firewall documentation for any Linux specific questions.

The license server system must have an appropriate DNS configuration to look up the IP addresses of the hostnames listed above.

Communication Between License Server and ESXi Host / vCenter Server

The license server must be able to access the following ports on the ESXi host or vCenter Server it binds to: ports 443 (TCP) and 902 (TCP and UDP).

Charon VE-Capable Emulator and Management Software

The VE license server software requires matching Charon emulator software. At the time of writing this support was available for Charon-SSP, and (starting from version 3.0.6) for Charon-PAR.

Please note:

The requirements are different for the two modes of a VE license server (general VE or AutoVE). They are described below.
The protocol versions used by the emulator software and the license server must be compatible. The software checks for compatible protocol versions and reports an error should there be a mismatch.
The Charon VE-capable emulator software can run on the same system as the license server or on a separate system with appropriate network access to the VE License Server. However, there are restrictions in a VMware environment.
Restrictions for VMware environments:
- If the license server binds to the ESXi host on which the license server VM runs, any Charon emulator using the VE license server must run either on the same VM as the VE license server or on a VM running on the same ESXi host.
- If the license server binds to the vCenter Server that manages the ESXi host on which the license server VM runs, any Charon emulator using the VE license server must run either on the same VM as the VE license server or on a VM on an ESXi host managed by the same vCenter Server.

Charon Emulator Packages for VE Licenses (General VE Mode)

The VE licenses are supported by the following products:

Charon-SSP 4.2.x and later
Charon-PAR 3.0.6 and later

Stromasys or your Stromasys VAR will provide you with the software or a download link. In certain cloud environments, Stromasys may offer prepackaged Charon VE images on selected cloud marketplaces. If you use a Charon host in the cloud and the instance was launched from such a prepackaged image, the required VE-capable emulator software is already installed (refer to the respective cloud-specific Getting Started Guide for more information).

For detailed information about the relevant installation packages, please refer to the product documentation specific to your emulator product and version:

For Charon-SSP, refer to the Charon-SSP user's guide of your emulator version for details (see Charon-SSP for Linux).
For Charon-PAR, refer to the Charon-PAR user's guide of your emulator version for details (see Charon-PAR documentation).

Charon Automatic Licensing Marketplace Images (AutoVE Mode)

If the VE license server is used in AutoVE mode, the license client must be an instance launched from a compatible marketplace Automatic Licensing image. At the time of writing AutoVE is only supported by Charon-SSP AL marketplace images.

The AutoVE license server must be defined for the instance before first launch (see Configuring AutoVE Information on the Charon AL Host).
This support was added in Charon-SSP version 5.3.8 and later images (at the time of writing on AWS, OCI, GPC, and Azure).
Charon-PAR does not support AutoVE at the time of writing.

VE License Server Software Installation

If you are not familiar with the installation of RPM packages, please refer to the general Charon user's guide of your product, or your Linux system documentation.

Please note:

In versions before 1.0.17, the license server will not start automatically after the initial installation. It will be started once a valid license has been installed (see Installing a License on the VE License Server).
When upgrading to version 1.0.24 or above from an older version of the license server, a license update is required due to a change in the license schema.
If you plan to use a primary and a backup license server, the license server software must be installed on both systems.

VE License Server Installation Steps

Perform the following steps to install the VE License Server software:

Copy the license server software package to the license server host (if needed):
1. For example, use sftp to connect to the VE license server system.
  # sftp -i ~/.ssh/<mykey> <user>@<linux-ip>
  where
  1. <mykey> is the private key of the key-pair you associated with your cloud instance
    (for an on-premises VMware installation where login with username/password is allowed, it is not needed)
  2. <user> is the user associated with your license server instance (e.g., opc on OCI, centos for a CentOS instance on AWS, or the custom user on your VMware virtual machine;
    for an instance installed from a prepackaged Charon marketplace image, use the SFTP user charon for Charon-SSP and centos for Charon-PAR)
  3. <linux-ip> is the ip address of your license server system
2. Copy the software package to the license server system using the following SFTP command:
  > put <local-path-to-license-server-package>
Use ssh to log in on the license server host.
# ssh-i ~/.ssh/<mykey> <user>@<linux-ip>where
1. <mykey> is the private key of the key-pair you associated with your cloud instance
  (for an on-premises VMware installation where login with username/password is allowed, it is not needed)
2. <user> is the user for interactive login associated with your license server instance (e.g., opc on OCI, centos for a CentOS instance on AWS, or the custom user on your VMware virtual machine;
  for an instance installed from a prepackaged Charon marketplace image, use sshuser for Charon-SSP and centos for Charon-PAR)
3. <linux-ip> is the ip address of your license server system
As a privileged user (root) go to the directory where you stored the installation package and install the package:
1. Become the root user: # sudo -i
2. Go to the package location: # cd <path-to-package-directory>On an instance installed from a prepackaged Charon-SSP marketplace image, the installation package is stored
  under /charon/storage)
3. Install the package:
  1. Linux 7.x: # yum install license-server*.rpm
  2. Linux 8.x: # dnf install license-server*.rpm

Below, you find the sample output of an installation (version 8.x of the supported Linux distributions; assuming that the RPM is in the current working directory):

# dnf install license-server-2.0.1.rpm 
Last metadata expiration check: 0:19:36 ago on Di 03 Mai 2022 13:20:02 CEST.
Dependencies resolved.
================================================================================
 Package               Architecture  Version          Repository           Size
================================================================================
Installing:
 license-server        x86_64        2.0.1-1          @commandline         53 M

Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 53 M
Installed size: 85 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                        1/1 
  Running scriptlet: license-server-2.0.1-1.x86_64                          1/1 
  Installing       : license-server-2.0.1-1.x86_64                          1/1 
  Running scriptlet: license-server-2.0.1-1.x86_64                          1/1 
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/licensed.service → /etc/systemd/system/licensed.service.

  Verifying        : license-server-2.0.1-1.x86_64                          1/1 

Installed:
  license-server-2.0.1-1.x86_64                                                 

Complete!

VE License Server Post-Installation Tasks

After the installation, it is strongly recommended to change the default password of the web GUI. Please refer to VE License Server Web-based Management GUI for more information.

Charon VE-Capable Emulator Software Installation

The Charon emulator software can be installed as a standard installation based on installation packages provided by Stromasys, or (in supported cloud environments) be provided as a marketplace image from which a Charon emulator host instance can be launched.

The detailed host requirements, the installation, and the management of the Charon emulator software are described in the user's guides of the respective products and versions.

For a standard Charon emulator installation, please refer to the following resources on the Stromasys product documentation page:

For Charon-SSP, refer to the Charon-SSP user's guide of your emulator version for details (see Charon-SSP for Linux).
For Charon-PAR, refer to the Charon-PAR user's guide of your emulator version for details (see Charon-PAR documentation).

To launch a Charon emulator host instance from a prepackaged VE or AutoVE enabled marketplace image, please refer to the cloud-specific information in the appendix or your cloud-specific Getting Started guide.

A prepackaged VE image will provide a Charon emulator host suitable to use a VE license server operating in general VE license mode.
A prepackaged AL (Automatic Licensing) image will provide a Charon emulator host suitable to use a VE license server operating in AutoVE mode.
Please note: not every cloud environment will offer one or both types of prepackaged marketplace images. Please refer to the cloud-specific Getting Started guide of your product, or contact your Stromasys representative to check the availability.

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