Please review this document before proceeding with installation of Charon-AXP for Linux
Products included in the Charon-AXP version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux 64-bit
In this document the terms Charon and Charon-AXP are used to refer to the products below:
Charon-AXP/400 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/2000 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/4100 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/DS10 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/DS20 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/ES40 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/GS80 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/GS160 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Charon-AXP/GS320 version 4.11 build 204-13 for Linux
Supported software platforms
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.x - 64-bit
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x - 64-bit
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 to 6.10 - 64-bit
Linux CentOS 8.x - 64-bit
Linux CentOS 7.x - 64-bit
VMware ESXi 5.5 and 6.0 up to 6.7 (requires a supported Linux operating system on top of a ESXi virtual machine)
For CentOS, a connection to the Internet is required to install theglibc.i686package which is not included in the Standard distribution DVD. If there's no connection available, please use the "Everything" distribution DVD.
Hosting hardware requirements and configuration recommendations
CPU requirements:
The number of available x86/x64 compatible (Intel or AMD) CPU cores in the hosting server should be at least 150% of the number of emulated CPU cores.
The recommended number of available (Intel or AMD) CPU cores in the hosting server is twice the number of emulated CPU cores.
Intel Xeon E-series v3 and above with a CPU clock frequency from 3GHz; to achieve the best performance use the latest Intel Xeon CPUs from the Scalable Processors family.
Memory requirements:
DDR4 RAM 2133 MHz and above is recommended for optimal Charon performance.
The minimum host memory size depends on the amount of emulated AXP memory and on the number of Charon instances running on one host. The minimum host memory = (2Gb + the amount of HP Alpha memory emulated) per Charon-AXP instance.
Mid range and high end RAID controllers with at least 1GB cache with write-back enabled and battery backup option is recommended. (Using low-end RAID controllers may cause significant performance degradation and Charon-AXP crash. RAID5 and similar configurations are not recommended.)
Intel HT (Hyper-Threading Technology) should be disabled on the hosting server.
The hosting server should always run at full speed. Power management and the screen saver should be disabled on the hosting server.
The Port Group Security Tab containing the Charon network adapter(s) must be set to Promiscuous mode, MAC Address Change and Forged Transmit=Accept.
New functionality
Feature Request: incoming connection requests are by default filtered for virtual serial lines and then allowed only for the localhost. This is to avoid security scanners that can block the port, OPA0 console mainly. To allow other hosts to connect to the virtual line, add the "set OPA0 access_control = disable" line in the configuration file (ID#5707)
This requires to use the new syntax to define OPA0. Please read the user's guide "Console" chapter.
Problems fixed
Log rotation now correctly reports ACTUAL license details in log header: it takes care of license change (ID#5720 - Support Case 00033462)
Configuration changes required when upgrading from previous version(s) or migrating from Windows platform to version 4.11 build 204-13
A Charon license update is required before upgrading. Stromasys might request a HASP dongle state (c2v file) or a host fingerprint taken by HASP Update Service (which is included in the Charon kit) in order to issue a license update. Please refer toLicense installationfor details.
Uninstall any installed version of Charon-AXP before installing the new version.
If VMware is used, it must be upgraded to version 5.x, 6.0, 6.5 or 6.7.
The Tru64 kernel might require a rebuild for some emulated AXP models that are included in the Charon-AXP/4100 product.
It is recommended to archive the old Charon log files before starting the new version in order to avoid mixing character encoding in the log files.
Charon-AXP cannot be started remotely via ssh, telnet, VNC, etc., if a local HASP dongle is used. Please use the Charon Linux Toolkit. Alternatively, network dongle or network software license, including software licenses, can be used. Another option is to configure Charon-AXP as a Linux service/daemon manually. See"Running as system service" chapter for details on how to configure Charon-AXP as a service/daemon.
Linux Xterm does not provide the full functionality of a VT100 terminal by default. Please refer to the user manual for the details of setting up the mode for emulating VT100.
The Charon-AXP configuration file should be reviewed if migrating from Charon-AXP for Windows. Windows specific configuration parameters (for example, network adapter references) should be changed to Linux specific parameters. Please refer to the Charon-AXP V4.11 for Linux user's guidefor details.
Charon executable files, libraries and data (disk container files) files should be excluded from all the antivirus checks, including on-the-fly checks and scheduled scans.
HT (Hyper-Threading Technology) should be disabled on the hosting server.
Power management and screen saver should be switched off on the hosting server.
Please note that the actual network communication speed and mode are determined by the Linux network speed and mode settings. This feature is required to avoid network timeouts in VMS and Tru64 during the negotiation phase.
The console definition syntax has been changed in the configuration file starting with v4.9, please read the user's guide.
If "IDLE" utility is going to be used, perform the following commands after its installation:
$ @sys$startup:Charoncp_startup
$ Charoncp set idle /enable
Notes related to upgrade from previous version
A Linux server reboot is highly recommended after uninstallation of the previous version of Charon and a reboot is also highly recommended after 4.11 kit installation (some issues found with licenses detection)
Software licenses have to be renewed as they are not compatible with previous versions (prior to 4.11) even if your license was 4.11 ready. An error code 78 (HASP_SECURE_STORE_ID_MISMATCH) may appear while trying to read the license content if the SL has not been updated.
Known restrictions of version 4.11 build 204-13
Despite the fact that Charon is already optimized for a wide range of the guest OS tasks, there may be some situations (for example OpenVMS compilation tasks) when a performance degradation of about 50% compared to version 4.8 may occur. In this case the following solutions can be applied:
1. Enlarging ACE cache size
Try this solution first. It is recommended to enlarge the ACE cache size at least in 2 times as it is shown in the following example:
set ace cache_size = 2048
If this solution does not work for the specific guest OS tasks, apply also the next solution.
2. Setting specific ACE host options
Set the following set of options in the configuration file:
set session n_of_io_cpus = <N> set ace num_translators = <N> set ace host_options = "--fixed-variant=0 --x64-nooptimize"
where <N> is number of the I/O CPUs dedicated to Charon. If this value is not set (the default value is used) it is recommended to specify it explicitly.
Other restrictions:
Network and tape booting is not currently supported.
The total number of devices (both controllers and units, including disks) displayed by the Charon SRM console is 48. However, more devices are available to VMS and Tru64. Note that it does not affect the actual number of configured devices provided to the Charon Guest OS.
IDLE works only once, right after CharonCP installation. As soon as VMS reboots, host CPU utilization returns to maximum and does not drop untill VMS shutdown (ID#5343).
The Charon emulated console supports only 80 symbols in one line.
telnet negotiation does not work correctly on serial console.
CD-ROM cannot be configured as "/dev/cdrom" for IDE CD-ROM (ID#3042).
In some specific situations, the virtual disks descriptions can be displayed as "Virtual SCSI Disk (C)SRI" in SRM console. This problem does not affect Charon functionality (ID#4729).
Hardware partitioning is not supported by Charon. However the same hardware layout can be emulated with multiple Charon instances on the same host.
If Charon is mapped to a physical CD-ROM it may be displayed as a "Virtual CD-ROM" in Charon SRM console. It happens due to some restriction of the Linux CD-ROM interface ("dev/sr", "/dev/scd", "/dev/cdrom") - it does now allow to query actual peripheral identification (SCSI Vendor ID / SCSI Product ID). The workaround is: - Usage of the "media_type" parameter in configuration file. See the User's Guide for more information. - Usage of the SCSI Generic Interface ("/dev/sg<N>") rather than the CD-ROM ("dev/sr<N>", "/dev/scd<N>", "/dev/cdrom") interface. (ID#4564).
PCI Passthrough KGPSA emulation may not work correctly if physical FC PCI adapter shares PCI interrupt line with any other PCI module(s).
Installation of Digital UNIX 4.0g fails on AS4100 when FC is configured (ID#3191).
Physical tapes and generic SCSI devices currently do not work. The patch will be released as soon as the problem is fixed.
Charon-AXP does not emulate the LSI 53C810 SCSI controller. Charon-AXP emulates the Qlogic KZPBA SCSI controller, which is the reason that the earliest supported VMS version is 6.2-1H3, and earliest supported Tru64 version is 3.2. If the driver for KZPBA is installed on an earlier version of VMS or Tru64 before system transfer to Charon-AXP, it will function on Charon-AXP (ID#2291).
Non fatal "ERRFMT BUGCHECK" message may appear on boot from a backup disk created by Charon-AXP. This message does not affect OpenVMS normal startup (ID#3123).
By default the layout of the right part of the PC keyboard is not mapped to the layout of the VT100 keyboard. Use a special script created by Geoff Kingsmill. Run this script, then run Charon-AXP normally. (ID#3030).
Telnet sessions to Charon-AXP console ports do not support ESC sequences of VT100 by default. To enable it open xterm, connect to Charon-AXP and press "Ctrl-]" once connected. Then issue a command "mode char" to enable character mode. If it is also required to map righthand part of the keyboard correctly use the xterm started by the Geoff Kingsmill script (see above). (ID#3030). See this article for more:Input issues with telnet.
A "CRC error" may occur when running the command "BACKUP/LIST/REW MKA100:..." on OpenVMS Alpha Version 8.4. This problem can also be observed on AXP hardware (ID#2925).
There is no DE500-BA device driver for OpenVMS 6.2-1H3. VMS patches are necessary in order to support the DE500-BA device with the emulator models AS1200/AS4000/AS4100 (ID#3091). The VMS 6.2-1H3 patches for these models are: ALPBOOT12_062 ALPLAN06_062 ALPCLUSIO01_062 ALPCPU1603_062 (is CPU specific for AS4100. Please check VMS patch documentation for relevant patches for other Alpha models).
The DE500-BA device error count will be equal to 1 on OpenVMS 8.2/8.3. It has no negative effect on VMS boot and operations (ID#2963).
Performance tests can cause VMS 6.2-1H3 to hang on an emulated AS400.
Network speed auto negotiation works with some restrictions (see the table below). It is always recommended to use full-duplex mode on the emulator host.
Host settings
VMS (autodetect mode)
Tru64 (autodetect mode)
1 Gbps full-duplex
100 Mbps full-duplex
100 Mbps full-duplex
1 Gbps half-duplex
100 Mbps half-duplex
100 Mbps half-duplex
100 Mbps full-duplex
100 Mbps full-duplex
100 Mbps full-duplex
100 Mbps half-duplex
100 Mbps half-duplex
100 Mbps half-duplex
10 Mbps full-duplex
10 Mbps full-duplex
10 Mbps full-duplex
10 Mbps half duplex
10 Mbps half duplex
10 Mbps half-duplex
The firmware does not support the command recall using the up/down arrow keys.
The VMS 7.x Monitor utility shows the maximum CPU quantity instead of actually configured quantity. It is a VMS 7.x restriction and does not apply to VMS 8.x.
Microsoft Windows for Alpha is not supported on Charon-AXP.
Use of IDE is limited to ATAPI CDROM on the host machine. No iSCSI support is planned for IDE. UETP may produce error messages if IDE emulation is used.
Emacs hangs if the OPA0 console is used. Emacs works fine over an SSH connection.
Please note that Charon-AXP has not been tested with SAN attached storage volumes over 2TB in size.
Tru64 temperature monitoring should be disabled. It could cause Tru64 version 5.x shutdown with the message: "system fan has failed, system is shutting down now". If installing Tru64 from scratch, do not install envmon package. If it is already installed, disable automatic startup by booting into SINGE USER mode and issue the following commands:
# mount -u / # mount /usr # rcmgr set ENVMON_CONFIGURED 0
then "exit" (Ctrl-D) to multi user mode.
CharonCP utility issues:
When IDLE is enabled, CPU seems to lose timer interrupts.
The IDLE installation utility does not seem to correctly enable the IDLE upon completion of installation.
New functionality introduced in previous versions
New functionality introduced in version 4.11 build 204-11
Log file numbering implemented when log rotating is used: when starting the Charon emulator the first log file name will be like <configuration_name>-YYYY-MM-DD-hh-mm-ss-xxxxxxxxx.log where xxxxxxxxx will be 000000000, this number will increase with each log rotation (ID#5702)
The emulator UPTIME is reported on every log rotation (ID#5683, ID#32702) Example: 20210916:000000:INFO :0:00000479:ethane.cxx(3479): "ds10test" started at Wed Sep 15 17:28:14 2021 (uptime 0 06:31:46).
New functionality introduced in version 4.11 build 204-10
Added support for 8-bit depth on PBXGA (ID#5667)
New functionality introduced in version 4.11 build 204-09
Sentinel Runtime upgraded to version 8.13.
Implemented support for booting AXP emulators via MOP. MOPv3 (DECnet) and MOPv4 (LANCP) are supported. Both EW and EI adapters are supported for MOP network boot.
Implemented serial line logging capability for serial lines attached through virtual PBXDA (DIGI board).
New parameter "connection_override" for console that allows new connection to override existing connection, if any.
Remote management console feature added. Its purpose is to let the emulator trigger actions on the Charon host to properly unload and save a vtape container while the guest operating system is running.
PBXGA graphic adapter is able to change the graphic console screen size, for example: "load PBXGA GYA size = 800x600" (ID#5583).
New version of PuTTY, supporting "-title" option (ID#5590).
To facilitate online log monitoring by third-party tools, the log file (session or OPA0) is flushed on disk regularly. Interval for periodic flush to be supplied through configuration file (optionally) (ID#5532).
Charon executable files print a summary of options on "-h" or "--help" command line option (ID#5578).
The parameter "log_flush_period" is available on all serial line implementations (ID#5633).
The parameter "port_enable_mac_addr_change" is available on Linux version of Charon as well (ID#5594).
Sample configuration files are updated (ID#5246, #5622).
Special version of NCU (Network Configuration Utility) is included with Linux products for RHEL8.
New functionality introduced in version 4.10 build 202-03
DEC ZLXp-E1 PCI Graphics Adapter (based on DECchip 21030 PCI Graphics Accelerator) is supported, Charon provides a virtual console for displaying graphics (ID#5092).
LP8000 (KGPSA) is now supported over SG3 (Linux SCSI generic) interface (on RHEL and CentOS 7.x only) (ID#5378).
AlphaStation Soundcard (PCXBJ) is supported on Tru64 UNIX (ID#5412).
Linux bonding adapters are supported (ID#4750).
Charon stability is improved (ID#5483, 5331).
LTO-6 Tape support is improved (ID#5391).
Kernel version and System release are included to the log (ID#5393).
Log is flushed regularly and asynchronously to facilitate online LOG monitoring by third-party tools (ID#5532).
VMware Ethernet adapters: in addition to the E1000, E1000E and VMXNETx adapters are now fully supported.
Copyright notes are updated in all sample configuration files (ID#5399).
Licensing mechanism is improved (ID#5375, 5458, 5459).
New functionality introduced in version 4.9 build 194-02
To address security issues, new Sentinel LDK 7.6 is used for building this release; most up-to-date Sentinel run-time (v7.63) is included (ID#5211, ID#5227).
Network performance and stability has been significantly improved (ID#5111, ID#4987).
Built-in serial lines (OPA0 and TTA0) have been re-considered and alternative implementation is provided to resolve multiple issues (ID#4844, Case #00028691).
USB physical drive support is improved (ID#3323).
BYPASS disks support is improved (ID#4999).
Deep queuing of disk I/O requests is implemented (ID#3144).
Audio Interface for AlphaStation (for models AS400, DS10, DS15) is implemented (ID#4717).
Virtual PBXDA serial lines controller is implemented (ID#4776).
DS15 and DS25 preloaded network adapter model (EW* or EI*) can be specified (ID#4886).
New feature for the AXP emulator SRM console has been implemented to allow booting Tru64 from SAN volumes having no UDID (ID#5238).
Guest-to-guest communication over virtual SCSI bus is implemented (ID#5044).
Soft limit on the required host CPU number is set according to the "n_of_cpus" parameter (ID#5137).
User part of Charon configuration (set by CFG file) is reflected in the log (ID#5156).
Some improvements of the messages in the log (ID#5356).
Minor update in Charon logs on Linux: kernel version and system release are added (ID#5393).
Hard-coded host system limits are replaced with limits encoded in the license's memory block (ID#3263).
Hard-coded upper limit on license check interval to 168 hours is increased (ID#5031, Case #00029470).
New configuration options "license_use_any_key" and "license_id" are implemented (ID#5289).
Should Charon lose access to its license, the product now offers a longer grace period and more frequent intermediate checks.
RPM script is improved for update process (ID#5139).
hasp_srm_view is improved (ID#5027, ID#5214, ID#5243, ID#5304, ID#5322).
TapeUtil (CharonCP) is improved (ID#3589).
NCU is improved (ID#5133, ID#4950).
New functionality introduced in version 4.8 build 183-02
Performance is improved (ID#2381, ID#3144).
HASP libraries have been upgraded (ID#4709, ID#4450).
All the libraries are linked statically (ID#4710).
Instruction scheduling is updated with Ivy Bridge and Haswell tables (ID#4619).
Preserving console saved state across product upgrades is implemented (ID#4782).
PCI I/O Bypass controller is available. It allows to specify disk controllers as DI<x>, DR<x> and DU<x>, where x is selected according to VMS naming scheme (ID#4786).
The default log mode has been set to "append" in the configuration templates (ID#4752).
Updated CFG template files copyright message to year 2016 (ID#4720).
CFG template files are updated to provide correct examples for "hw_model", "system_name", "architecture" and "dsrdb" parameters (ID#4697).
Loop devices ("/dev/loop0") support as the storage containers is implemented (ID#4908).
Field Test and Production builds offer identical functionality (ID#4552).
One license can serve Charon instances on one host or different hosts by choice (ID#4884).
Software License transfer feature is disabled (ID#4787).
This release is available on RHEL 6.x x64 as well (ID#4894).
CentOS 7.x is now supported.
Fedora support has been removed.
"Charon.service" template is introduced instead of the old "Charon" template (ID#4968).
NCU supports VLAN configuration (ID#4857).
Tape Utilities package is added (ID#3589).
The "-key <key-ID>" option (when generating a C2V file using the "-c2v" option) is implemented in "hasp_srm_view" utility. This option is required if more than one license is visible. (ID#4965).
New functionality introduced in older versions
VMware ESXi 6.x
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.x
Please note that RHEL 6.x is not supported.
Charon binaries are linked statically since this release. Charon-AXP and Charon-AXP can be installed on the same host (ID#4710).
The Charon Linux Toolkit is included in the distribution. It is a set of text based menu and utilities to simplify Charon operational procedures and provide Guest to Host communication channel.
All emulated AXP models are installed by default. Allowed AXP models are controlled by Charon license (ID#4711).
General performance improvement up to 10% for some usage scenarios (ID#4474).
Internal Charon-AXP performance counters for various subsystems (CPU, DIT, Network I/O, and Disk I/O) may be streamed to the Charon log file. The log has to be sent to Stromasys for analysis (ID#4141).
MPIO storage path support is implemented (ID#4328).
Write-through caching of virtual disks is implemented; it can be set with a parameter "use_io_file_buffering = write-through". By default it is switched off. (ID#4613).
VLANs are supported (ID#4401).
Sample configuration files are updated with correct values for "hw_model", "system_name", "architecture" and "dsrdb" parameters (ID#4697).
The log file language is set to English (ID#4509).
Charon log file format switched to UTF-8 (ID#4188).
Rotating log file switch can be configured to be triggered by maximum file size and time period (ID#4639).
Charon console log rotation has been implemented (ID#4639).
Software licensing (SL) is available. Software license is bound to physical system hardware components or virtual machine hardware components (ID#4344).
Network licensing is available, for both hardware dongles (requires special dongle) and software licensing.
Charon instance counter on a Network license switched to instance mode from station/instance mode, which allows Charon instances to be spread around the network at user convenience. For example, a Network license with 6 Charon instances allows to run 3 instances on a first hosting server, 2 instances on a second hosting server, and one instance in a third hosting server. In the previous versions of Charon Network license controlled number of hosting systems and Charon instances per host system.
Charon license check order can be managed via configuration file, Production and Backup license IDs can be specified (ID#4249).
Software License can be relocated to another host.
New parameter "license_key_lookup_retry" has been introduced allowing to set a number of license retries with specified time interval for the license checks on Charon startup (ID#4399).
License protection run time package (Sentinel) has been upgraded to the current stable version (ID#4209, 4711).
Please note that Charon HASP runtime environment is customized by Stromasys. Environment downloaded directly from SafeNet would not provide full functionality (specifically, Software Licensing will not work). Stromasys will maintain and distribute HASP environment updates as Charon product patches if necessary.
MTD utility supports SCSI Passthrough mode for tapes without Linux driver (ID#3927).
Charon utilities fully support mixed encoding in log files (ID#4642, 4646).
Network Configuration Utility (NCU) compatibility with supported OS versions has been improved, functionality extended (ID#4530, 4563, 4454).
hasp_srm_view utility can display either a particular license or all available licenses (ID#4618).
mkdskcmd utility does not allow to reduce vdisk size (ID#4506).
DS10 emulator included into Charon-AXP/DS10 (ID#4176).
PCI Pass Through support for FC is implemented (ID#2467).
Physical PCI Fiber Channel presentation mode is supported (ID#4294).
PCI-to-PCI bridges are implemeted (ID#4428).
PCI device multifunction is fully supported (ID#4007).
Charon's interface for external diagnostic data collection is implemented (ID#4385).
Statistics counters for storage and network subsystems are implemented (ID#4141).
CPU state transition (HALT <-> RUN) is logged with indication of reason for that (ID#4264).
Several ways of TOY synchronization to Charon host are available (ID#4144).
CPU IDLEing for SMP Alpha emulators is available (ID#4169).
"hasp_view" is updated to allow managing SL licenses (ID#4172).
EI device support - DE602 (Compaq NC3131) adapter is implemented (ID#4185, 4293).
HALT command for Charon-AXP SRM console is implemented (ID#4239).
"session license_key_id" parameter is introduced to manage multiple licenses available to Charon (ID#4249).
A specific sample script is included to the kit allowing to run Charon as daemon (ID#4238).
DM Multipath devices are supported now (ID#4328).
mkdisk utility can transform a target disk size/type (ID#4329, 4506).
Sentinel protection support is upgraded to the last versions (ID#4285).
WebUI package is distributed separately now (ID#4364, 4497).
EIx0_MODE environment variable is introduced to configure DE602 (Compaq NC3131) adapter (ID#4366).
Charon Network Configuration Utility (NCU) is introduced to help with configuration of the host network interface dedicated to Charon (ID#4373).
"license_key_lookup_retry" parameter is introduced to check Charon license several times in specified interval between retries (ID#4399).
Only English localization is supported (ID#4509).
New version of VMinfo is integrated (ID#4486).
The installation "update" feature is supported (ID#4227).
NCU utility has been significantly improved (ID#4563, 4409).
Emulation of AlphaServer DS15, DS25 and ES45 was added (ID#3523).
A log rotation mechanism and improved filtering of log messages was implemented (ID#2281, 2608).
Memory management was improved (ID#3197).
The console log can be written into a separate text file (ID#3587).
The "hasp_srm_view" utility was updated and improved. It is now able to work with C2V/V2C files and software licenses with the license locations definition (ID#3656, 3742, 4059).
Log files are written in UTF-8 now (ID#4188).
The WebUI can highlight lines in the log-viewer (ID#3677).
The WebUI is able to display rotated Charon Message logs (ID#3725).
KGPSA DGx devices support up to 5 digits (ID#3790).
KGPSA pass-through mode is now available. The kit provides all the necessary drivers (ID#3467).
CFG templates were updated (ID#3730).
The "mkdskcmd" utility can report progress of disk creation (ID#3793).
The HBA model is logged in Charon-AXP log file (ID#3801).
The Console and PALcode versions were updated (ID#3870).
EMULEX hardware/firmware revision levels are displayed while polling for units on KGPSA (ID#3932).
Setting of the AlphaServer SERIAL_NUMBER was implemented (ID#4096).
The MTD utility was improved (ID#4412, 3531, 3927).
The kit may be distributed with DEMOMA protection (ID#4005).
CPU IDLE was enabed for SMP Alpha emulators for production use (ID#4169).
Charon-AXP version changed to 4.4. A license update is required (ID#3701).
Charon-AXP is supported on VMware ESXi 5.1.
Charon Production license dongle could be replaced with Backup or Spare dongle, and vice versa, without stopping Charon. The backup/spare dongle is only accepted if Charon instance configuration parameters remain unchanged (ID#3690).
Charon license expiration date can be updated without stopping Charon. Please note that Charon instance configuration parameters for active instances should remain unchanged (number of CPUs, etc.) (ID #2966, #3206).
Spare license dongles which are limited by both execution counter and expiration date are supported (ID#3303, #3311, #3435)
hasp_srm_view utility can produce c2v files. Please refer to utility's help for details (ID#3656).
hasp_srm_view utility detects Sentinel HASP Network licenses as well as Sentinel HASP physical dongles with host ID relevant to them (ID#3637, 3539, 3742).
Network license protection is supported by Charon-AXP. Network licensing is available from Stromasys as a service (ID#3095, 3546).
Emulated KGPSA controller has been implemented, allowing DG devices to be configured in VMS and Tru64 (ID#2151).
Physical disks, tapes, and CDROMs are supported (ID #2461).
Physical drives connected as DG devices are supported (ID#3417).
Linux virtual network interfaces are supported (ID #3077, #3088, #3111).
Virtrual SCSI RX26 floppy drive is supported (ID #2996, #3057).
Charon-AXP automatically replaces the old .ROM file after Charon upgrade (ID#3085).
Configuration templates are updated; CPU architecture, AXP model, system ID, and LURT could be set in the config file. Charon rejects illegal set of parameters (ID#3260, 3307, 3511, 3541).
"geometry" option has been added to the KZPBA controller (ID#3330).
"geometry" CFG file option is introduced to specify size of tape image and, optionally, size of "early-warning" area at the end of tape image (ID#2561).
CFG templates are updated, comments are improved (ID#3332).
Console variable "date" is implemented in order to read date and time from the host OS (ID#2743).
Virtual CDROM containers and removable disk containers can be switched on the fly (ID#3251, #2738).
MTD utility has been included in the distribution kit (ID#3344).
Additional Charon-AXP instances and products could be added to the license "on the fly".
Sample configuration files are updated and improved (ID #3705, 3730, 3666, 3521).
Charon-AXP comes with the maximum amount of RAM allowed by emulated model. Please refer to the product SPDs for the details.
New Alpha emulated models are added to Charon-AXP/4100 product:
AlphaServer 800 (a single CPU Alphaserver)
AlphaServer 1000 (a single CPU Alphaserver)
AlphaServer 1000A (a single CPU Alphaserver)
AlphaServer 1200 (a dual CPU Alphaserver)
All network connections have "Half Duplex 10BaseT" mode by default (ID#3041).
IDLE Utility is supported for single CPU Alpha emulators (ID#3087, 3121, 3146).
Installation procedure installs the End User Agreement document to the "/doc" folder in .txt and .pdf formats (ID#3122).
Problems fixed in previous versions
Problems fixed in version 4.11 build 204-11
Fixed missing SIGSEGV and core files: recent crash because of SAN switch reboot, no fix to crash yet, but to collect more data (ID#5705 / Case 00033336)
Fixed console hangup (ID#5695, Case 00032604)
Consolidating update to PBXGA: various fixes (ID#5589, ID#5609, ID#5692)
Problems fixed in version 4.11 build 204-10
PBXGA drawline and blink bug fixes (ID#5640)
Problems fixed in version 4.11 build 204-09
Fixed implementation of AlphaServer SRM console to enable support for 256GB of RAM on virtual AlphaServer GS320.
Fixed a problem where the specification of "log_rotation_period = 0" ("never") did not work correctly (ID#5580, Support Case 00031938)
Fixed a problem of Charon crash with code 0000000B at 0x7f5cd5b49d48 (ID#5584, Support Case 00031955)
Fixed a problem of Charon crash with code 0000000B at 0xbd832e (ID#5529, Support Case 00032085)
Fixed a problem with auto-negotiation when Charon configuration contains the parameter adapter_mode="auto" (ID#5506)
Fixed a problem where the negotiated line speed is reported incorrectly at DECnet startup (ID#5626)
Fixed various problems with "IDLE" utility, including forcing CPU for loosing time interrupts and enabling the utility after installation (ID#5343)
Fixed a problem where Charon keeps creating multiple small log files on emulator crash (ID#5556)
Fixed a problem where sometimes PT.EXE (performance tool) may freeze (ID#5614)
Several problems are fixed in KGPSA pass-through driver, the whole implementation is improved (ID#5444, #5555, Support Case 00031374)
Fixed a problem where core dump occurs while accessing PBXGA window over network connection (ID#5449)
Tru64 5.1B correctly installs (from ISO images) on the following models: AlphaServer 1200, AlphaServer 4000, Alphaserver 4100 (ID#5560)
Fixed a problem where Charon could report a "failed clock_nanosleep" error message (ID#5684, ID#5685)
Problems fixed in version 4.10 build 202-03
Fixed a problem where BUGCHECK (and emulator crash) happened while performing BACKUP from bypass-enabled disk to vtape under OpenVMS Alpha (Support Case 00031622, ID#5521)
Fixed failures on scan/rescan on PGB with Passthrough (Support Case 00031595, ID#5527)
Fixed a problem where Charon-AXP (AlphaServer GS320), V 4.9 B 19403 crashed at start in certain configurations (ID#5495)
Fixed a problem with DS10L running Digital UNIX 4.0G: tu0: initialization failed (ID#5510)
Fixed a problem where core dump occurs while accessing PBXGA window over network connection (ID#5449)
Fixed a problem with panic in cpu (0) when trying to migrate from Charon 4.7 to 4.9 (Support Case 00031586, ID#5512)
Fixed problem leading to the message "(95) Operation not supported: EWA0: Failed to query for max frame size. Assume 1518." (ID#4899)
Fixed issue when Team0 interface "disappears" after being dedicated to Charon with NCU (ID#5434)
Fixed problem where DE500BA Link is down in OpenVMS (ewa0) and Tru64 (tu0). (ID#5482)
Fixed problem where AlphaServer GS320 crashes at start (ID#5495)
Fixed problem where Emacs hangs OPA0 console by introducing new console implementation (ID#2033)
Fixed problem where UETP fails on the tape (ID#5319)
Fixed problem where CharonCP failed to install on OpenVMS 6.2-1H3 (ID#5329)
Fixed problem where Telnet negotiation does not work correctly on serial console (ID#5401)
Fixed a problem with guest OS clock drift when emulator was running on VMware (ID#4492)
Fixed a problem where sometimes network does not work with PMAD-AA (ID#5067)
Fixed a problem where timer works slowly on certain hosts (ID#5337)
Fixed a problem where Charon reports "Can not change current ethernet address... Dynamic change of ethernet address is disabled or is not supported" if port_enable_mac_addr_change is set to false (error code 00000113) as an error instead of a warning (ID#5443)
Problems fixed in version 4.9 build 194-02
Fixed AS4100 crash on booting Tru UNIX 4.0G (ID#5330)
Fixed a problem where GS80 model cannot start if DG disks are configured(ID#5300)
Fixed a problem where the "mtd" utility accepts a parameter w/o notification that this parameter is not allowed (ID#5300)
Fixed a problem where AS4100 is not bootable from Tru64 V4.0B iso file (and from 4.0G, 4.0F, 5.1B) (ID#5291)
Fixed CPUSANITY (CPU sanity timer expired) Bugcheck on VMware virtual host with RHEL6.5 (ID#4449)
Fixed a problem with incorrect license information in the log file (ID#5287)
Fixed a problem with DE602 slow ftp transfer under Tru64 (ID#5134)
Fixed a problem where the FG* adapter is not able to release 2 buffer descriptors with buffer of 3392 bytes (this error is reported in the log) (ID#5268)
Fixed a problem where Charon may start with expired license (ID#5265)
Fixed a problem with OpenVMS on Charon BUGCHECK while backuping a bypass disk to a virtual tape (ID#5239)
Fixed a problem where "mkdskcmd" was not able to enlarge a disk image if its size is more than 4Gb (ID#5237)
Fixed segmentation violation (exception with code 0000000B) on GS160 model (ID#5039,Case #00029492)
Fixed a problem where GS models are not bootable from bypass disk (ID#5030)
Fixed a problem where host CPU (its number of threads) is reported incorrectly in the log file (ID#5004)
Fixed crash where a specific COBOL module is compiled (ID#5010, Case #00029412)
Fixed the ROM environment save format (ID#4975)
Fixed performance degradation caused by slowing down I/O thread by DIT one (ID#5162)
Tru64 backups are very inconsistent, they may take a lot of time comparing to OpenVMS backups (ID#5159)
Fixed a data loss during backup to virtual tape, leading to lost savesets (ID#5144, Case #00029944)
Fixed a problem where a virtual disk is "unloaded" on dismount and cannot be mounted again (ID#5136, Case #00029906)
Fixed "print" option in "ncu" utility (ID#5133)
Fixed "hasp_srm_view" issue of impossibility to display all available licenses (ID#5088)
Fixed loss of date/time synchronization after DST change (ID#5159, Case #00029445)
Fixed a problem with Tru64 VDUMP occasional slowdown (ID#5159)
Fixed a loss of date/time synchronization after DST change (ID#5029)
Fixed a problem leading to exception with code 0000000B (Segmentation Violation) (ID#5039)
Fixed a problem leading to setting incorrect ethernet address to FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF (ID#5097)
Fixed a problem where a virtual PBXDA hangs on output/input through /dev/ttyS0, /dev/ttyS1 etc (ID#5296)
Problems fixed in version 4.8 build 183-02
Fixed an auto-negotiation mode error leading to Tru64 inability to access network in VMware configurations (ID#4866, ID#4775)
Fixed the situation when Charon does not start if "/var/lock/lockdev/" semaphores are in "incorrect" state (ID#4228)
Fixed incorrect mapping to "/dev/st" devices in the sample configuration files (ID#4703)
Fixed incorrect denotation of the distributive RPM package (ID#4734)
Fixed incorrect handling of disconnect timeout on devices connected as "/dev/sgN" (ID#4790)
Fixed the situation when "hasp_srm_view" incorrectly displays license expiration date when multiple licenses are examined (ID#4922)
Fixed networking failure on as400, as1000 and as1000a models (ID#4929)
Fixed bugcheck during installation of VMS 7.3-2 on as1000, as1200, as4000, as4100 and as800 models (ID#4930)
Fixed DS20 intermittent boot failures %SYSBOOT-F-LDFAIL error 54 ("Unable to locate SYS$PUBLIC_VECTORS.EXE") (ID#4827, Case #00028604)
Fixed a VMS crash booting AXP models DS15, DS25, ES45 from SAN (ID#3976, Cases #00023850 and #00028131)
Fixed a multihost SCSI cluster quorum recalculation IPC interrupt issue, "DEPOSIT SIRR C" command now supported (ID#4758, Case #00028145)
Fixed a wrong SRM console behavior which ignored invalid parameter(s) and executed incomplete commands entered. Now SRM console would report an error (ID#4795)
Fixed wrong error message in log if no core is available for reservation (ID#4867, Case #00028768)
Fixed a problem with TruCluster's Cluster Alias vMAC and legacy_mode parameter, preventing communication via DE602 adapter (ID#4904)
Fixed a negative value in Charon log displayed in the case of long ID some Software Licenses (SL) may have (ID#4913)
Fixed "Exception (C0000005) at 000000000071EF9E: Segmentation violation" case (ID#4732, Case #00027809, Case #00027751)
Fixed incorrect reporting of Host CPU (N of Threads) in Charon log file (ID#5004)
Fixed a problem where NCU disables "Create and Remove bridge" option (ID#4950)
Fixed a issue leading to situation when a serial line output is frozen (ID#4983)
Fixed "%EIA0, Auto Negotiation detected link down" and hanging on OpenVMS 7.2-1 (ID#4921)
Fixed "Link state DOWN" while TCP is working (ID#4943)
Fixed VMS crashs after NET start (DECnet & TCPIP) with 10Gb network card (ID#4945)
Fixed cluster problems in AlphaServer ES40 (ID#4947)
Problems fixed in older versions
Compatibility issue between Charon-AXP and Charon-AXP on the same host has been fixed. Please use the same build 204-09 of Charon-AXP and Charon-AXP to run on the same host
Fixed a FIFO overrun issue in DEC12x4x module (EW network devices) which led to guest OS crash (ID#4066)
Fixed FTP stall on Charon under ESXi 5.1 (ID#4581)
Fixed an AlphaServer 1200, 4000, and 4100 not seeing EWA0 interface under VMS6.2-1H3 (ID#4499)
Fixed an issue with AlphaServer DS10 67/616 crash because of an incorrect placement of a stack (ID#4595)
Fixed several issues lead to Exception (C0000005) at 10005324: Segmentation violation (ID#4481, 4540)
Fixed OpenVMS 7.3 crash on ES40 boot from virtual DGA disk (ID#4636, 4637)
Fixed Tru64 5.1B installation on AlphaServer DS15 (ID#4602)
Fixed an inconsistent error message "Cannot connect to *.vtape" (ID#4612)
Fixed AlphaServer DS15A SMM type (ID#4621)
Fixed incorrect "null" (ASCII 0) and missing CR characters in SRM console (ID#4502, 4565, 4693)
Fixed various issues with expired Charon licenses and automatic license switchover (ID#4622, 4179)
Fixed an issue with unexpected physical tape device name change on Tru64 (ID#4491)
Various fixes to improve readability of the log file (ID#4493, 4700)
Fixed Reflection terminal emulator program error on closing Charon (ID#4623)
Fixed various issues with storage mapping in configuration templates (ID#4703)
Fixed mkdskcmd issue with uppercase characters (ID#4562)
The system prompt is displayed on the same line when "power off" command is issued. New line should be used instead (by inserting the EOL symbol after the ">>> power off") (ID#4565)
"mkdskcmd" utility does not work correctly with upper case letters in the file paths (ID#4562)
Low performance on OpenVMS/AXP V7.2-1 with Charon-AXP/ES40 (ID#3964)
"102% done" appears after vdisk creation is finished (ID#4136)
WebUI: Unclear warning/error message "Model name wasn't found in the file". (ID#4178, 4192)
WebUI prompts "Instance hadn't been started", but actually it has been started (ID#4195)
WebUI: Some part of the output display is hidden in Java applet console (ID#4196)
Extra symbol ")" in log file (ID#4214)
Layout of the PC keyboard keys to the right of the alphabet characters is not mapped to layout of VT100 keyboard by default. There is a workaround to this problem - usage of special script created by Geoff Kingsmill. Run this script and in xterm run Charon-AXP normally according to instructions in the Users's Guide. (ID#3030)
WebUI: When the "Select disk type" menu is opened it is almost impossible to select abig disk near the list end: menu is closed quickly (ID#3592)
Impossible to edit files using emulator's console (ID#4206)
mkdskcmd utility display wrong "n%" symbol (ID#4219)
hasp_srm_view "fungerprint" message needs to be corrected (ID#4235)
Deinstallation of Charon kit fails to remove all Charon files and directories (ID#4236)
Fix typos and spelling errors in CFG templates (ID#4240)
License install on RHEL fails if the command provided by the Guide is used (ID#4241)
Installing Charon-AXP on RHEL result in "No package python-psutil available" message (ID#4243)
Computational error on a GS80: math operation produces incorrect result (ID#4106)
Lack of access rights causes emulator crash (segmentation fault) (ID#4226)
Segmentation fault under certain conditions and configurations (ID#4135, 4161, 4334)
panic (cpu 0): System does not have a console configured. Tru64 5.1B is not installable on some AXP models (ID#4126)
"hasp view" counters incorrect (ID#4165)
WebUI: TemplateDoesNotExist at /calendar_page/ (ID#4131)
WebUI: "Instance Manager" page shows the console is "unavailable" (ID#4130)
WebUI: Console can't be opened when selected as "Java Telnet Applet" (ID#4128)
WebUI: The IP in browser is "127.0.0.1" only (ID#4124)
WebUI: Operation History shows 102% done Success (IDs#4123)
Charon log: incorrect license message (ID#4139)
Segmentation fault when SRM "power off" command is executed (RedHat 6.4) (ID#4119)
"hasp_srm_view" shows incorrect expiration date for unlimited Net Time license (ID#4113)
Ctrl-S does not pause the output on virtual console or serial line (ID#4111)
Assertion check has failed in file Charon-3100\axp\dit\21264_translator.h, at line 1547, while installing Digital UNIX v4.0g on AlphaServer 400 (ID#4057)
AS4100, VMS 6.2-1H3 network problem (ID#3794)
Immediate license change on the fly is not logged (ID#3816)
The product does not accept license replacement on the fly (ID#4038)
DECnet over serial line does not work (ID#3035)
"physical_serial_line" used with multiple Charon instances leads to lock-ups (ID#3036)
VMS hangs when attempting to log in over modem (ID#3053)
AS400 users experience some problems with serial line (ID#3991)
NDIS problems are not logged by correct instance (ID#3249)
Full path fields should be omitted in WebUI (ID#3676)
Viewing of license is broken in recent WebUI packages (ID#3687)
WebUI: "New service" models drop-down box content looks like a mess (ID#3711)
WebUI: Disk image can be overwritten without warning (ID#3712)
WebUI: Service name containing non-latin characters causes a script error (ID#3713)
WebUI allows the creation of invalid instances with a percent-sign ("%") in the name (ID#3714)
Charon cannot view and load Net Time license correctly (ID#3717)
Incorrect time is displayed by the "hasp_srm_view" utility (ID#3720)
Charon does not create log file if license is absent (ID#3775)
OpenVMS 7.2-1H1 and 7.3-2: error during installation (ID#3810)
A console with debug messages is shown on exit from WebUI (ID#3612)
Charon stops in 1 minute after license key removal (ID#3754)
Under OpenVMS 8.4, emulator ES40, the command "monitor all" causes crash with "illegal instruction" message (ID#3716)
AS400 hangs on OpenVMS boot from FibreChannel disk (ID#3719)
Exception when stopping emulator on SIGTERM (ID#3726)
WebUI License Viewer does not work if RDP is used to connect to Charon host (ID#3769)
Assertion check failed when running modified DISK_QIO_TEST (ID#3773)
If instance limit is exceeded the log file does not contain the corresponding message (ID#3799)
Access to SCSI tape via /dev/sg fails (ID#3817)
ES45 crashes with INCONSTATE on boot, VMS 7.3-2 and VMS 8.2 tested (ID#3845)
WebUI contains incorrect CFG templates (ID#3855)
WebUI included in Charon-AXP for Linux does not start correctly (ID#3856)
WebUI included in Charon-AXP for Linux refers to WebUI documentation incorrectly (ID#3857)
Charon-AXP for Linux cannot be used via VNC and SSH (ID#3858)
Confusing device name "$1$JGA..." on a console device list (ID#3891)
After the installation the emulator cannot boot from the newly installed system disk (ID#3894)
Cannot boot: no valid boot device specified (ID#3898)
Sequential backup to tape image takes enormous amount of time if big files are backed up and the number of savesets is significant (ID#3315)
*.vdisk is incorrectly detected in automatic test (ID#3968)
Configured DKA devices not seen on AS800 (ID#3984)
Indentation Error at /console_info/ (ID#4025)
Emulator crashed for emulator models gs80/gs160/gs320 on boot from tru40g.iso (ID#4041)
UDID and WWID are incorrect for FC vdisk in SRM (ID#4042)
Emulator crashes when AS1200 & AS2100 boot Tru51b with FC vdisk (ID#4047)
VMS: the "SHOW DEV" command does not show all DGA disks (ID#4049)
Emulator runs beyond license expiry date when host time is set backward (ID#4058)
Cannot enter password in WebUI Java console (ID#3670)
Installation of OpenVMS83/Tru51B can't proceed using Java Console (ID#3671)
AlphaServer 400: no CPU IDLEing (ID#4089)
VMS boot: Date 29-FEB-2012 jumped to 1-MAR-2012 (ID#3570)
Assertion check failed when PCI device is multifunction (ID#4007)
WebUI: service name must contain only latin characters (ID#3713)
Charon-AXP modem communication sometimes may fail. This problem is under investigation. (ID#2642)
"Host stopped responding " message may be displayed if VT100 terminal works via LAT (ID#3124)
hasp_view improvements for Sentinel SL (EMS) HASP AdminMode license (ID#3847)
Flood of "UDID:9999 WWID..." messages may appear in Charon output (ID#3708)
MONITOR ALL command on OpenVMS 8.4 used to crash with "Illegal instruction" message (ID#3716)
AS400 hangs if OpenVMS was booted from an FC disk (ID#3719)
No UDID is displayed for LUN 0 of HP P2000 (ID#3650)
Menu numbering is some application display menu were out of sequence (ID#3132)
Couldn't initialize FC disk in OpenVMS (ID#3660)
OpenVMS 6.2-1H3 with disks over 128GB didn't work. Geometry parameter for large disks has to be set at 255/255 (ID#3662)
Charon crashed on Spec2000 test (ID#3663)
Couldn't boot OpenVMS from $1$DGA0 (ID#3697)
Sequential backup to tape image took long for large files and multiple savesets (ID#3315, 3508)
AXP console was unable to obtain UDID of logical units on HP P2000 G3 (ID#3438)
Reboot problem with Charon-AXP/4100 was fixed (ID#2775)
Tru64 UNIX 5.1b could fail to install on GS80 if FC is configured. Specific Tru64 patches and firmware versions might be required. SAN device should be set to SCSI-2 mode (ID#3192)
Fixed an assertion on dropping secondary lock while on-page structure is locked (ID#3425)
F6 pressing didn't stop Charon if console is physical VT100 (ID#3483)
RS/1 on VMS failed with HPARITH (ID#3493)
FCMGR RESCAN VERBOSE failed to discover FC fabric (ID#3519)
8 SAN paths on EVA configurations didn't fit into BOOTDEF_DEV (ID#3520)
Charon-AXP/4100 (AlphaServer 2100) was unable to boot generic kernel (genvmunix) of DEC OSF/1 V3.2A. (ID#3391)
AS4100 hangs with Tru64 Version 4.0D with applied Patch Kit 9 (ID#3436)
Tru64 on AS400 and AS800 did not work with DG disks (ID#3430, #3431)
Segmentation fault in hasp_srm_view (ID#3480)
Backup license worked longer than expected (ID#3484)
"Instance limit exceeded" was incorrectly displayed on emulator startup under Linux (ID#3486)
Console serial line issues fixed (ID#3019)
GS80, GS160: Fatal controller error after OpenVMS 8.3 installation on DG disk (ID#3498)
AS4100 model uses EV5 instead of EV5.6 on AS400 5/400 model (ID#3504)
RWZ53 MO disk didn't not work with Charon-AXP/4100 (AS400) (ID#3119)
Charon exited when performing 'newfs' on physical scsi disk partition (ID#3113)
Inconsistent disk naming in TruCluster confgurations (ID#3108)
Tru64 was not bootable in multiuser mode (ID#3404)
Arithmetical error fixed in COBOL and FORTRAN applications (ID#3415, 3563)
Errors while multiple backup with DGA disks had been fixed (ID#3407)
DKA0 error count = 1 booting VMS 6.2-1H3 (ID #2666)
GS series QBB DMA and PCI configuration issues had been fixed (ID#3020, #3028, #3029)
mkdisk.vtable has been fixed for ST118202LC disk drive (ID#3342)
License expired one day earlier (ID#3189)
An A (UNIX) in os_bootflags while booting VMS entered a tight loop (ID#3195)
Inconsistent PCI bus configuration naming for AlphaServer DS10L (ID#3148)
Serial port (TTA) mapping did not work correctly with Tru64 (ID#3133)
set term/speed= *** command did not work with physical VT100 (ID #3409)
Fixed several errors and typos in log reporting (ID#3487, #3141, #3207, #3259, #3141, #3058)
Failed to construct a ufs file system on physical drive during Tru64 5.1B installation (ID#2991)
OpenVMS device error count was equal to 1 for virtual disks RZ22, RZ23 is thay have been created with the MKDISK utility (ID#3071)
AS800 emulator did not perform the "power off" command properly (ID#3094)
AS800 emulator: incorrect requirement for license units (ID#3090)
GS320 emulator was unable to boot any OS (VMS, Tru64) (ID#3125)
Mode pages 3 and 4 were not implemented for SCSI CD-ROMs (ID#2983)
"Auto Negotiation detected link down" message is reported on OpenVMS 7.2-1H1 (ID#2953)
Distribution and Installation
The kit is distributed as a ".gz" file containing a set of standard Linux RPM installations for Charon-AXP product, license support, set of utilities and Sentinel run-time.
Make sure there are no Charon-AXP configurations running before the installation.
Login as the "root" user and move to the Charon-AXP RPM folder (unzipped from the archive provided).
Install the 32-bit glibc package required by Sentinel HASP runtime:
This requires to use the new syntax to define OPA0. Please read the user's guide "Console" chapter.
An error code 78 (HASP_SECURE_STORE_ID_MISMATCH) may appear while trying to read the license content if the SL has not been updated.
If it is already installed, disable automatic startup by booting into SINGE USER mode and issue the following commands: