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Charon-PA3 guest systems can be accessed directly from the Linux emulator host using either of two freeware terminal emulators listed the PuTTY or xhpterm terminal emulator described below, both of which run directly on the Linux host desktop, or by simply using the telnet command. Each has limitations, however. Neither terminal emulator provides a reliable way to paste multiple lines of text into :EDITOR , for example.
Once the network of the Charon-PA3 guest system has been configured configured, it may be preferable to connect to the emulated system from a networked PC using any of the robust commercially-available terminal emulators.
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Using PuTTY
The PuTTY terminal emulator is the preferred method to use as the Charon-PA3 console. It does not, however, support HP terminal escape sequences, so any inverse or highlighted text codes will be ignored, and block mode applications cannot be run. Using PuTTY in telnet mode (as supplied) allows use of the Break key. PuTTY supports copy and paste. To copy text to the clipboard, just select it with the left mouse button (this automatically copies the selection to the clipboard). To paste the clipboard into a PuTTY window, use Shift-Ins . Unfortunately, PuTTY cannot be used to reliably paste large blocks of text (even with MPE type-ahead enabled), as data overruns can easily occur.
By default, the emulator configuration is set up to start PuTTY on the console port with the command:
serial.uart0.device.command="putty -load HPA-Telnet" (default port 30000).
To start an terminal emulator manually, perform the following steps:
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$ putty -load HPA-Telnet
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Start PuTTY from the command-line.
$ putty
- Select and load the required profile.
- Select Fonts on the left and select a monospace font.
- Select Session on the left and save the profile.
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Start PuTTY from the command-line.
$ putty
- Select and load the required profile.
- Change the hostname to the one of the Charon-PAR host as required.
- Connect to the remote Charon-PAR system.
The image below shows a PuTTY terminal window connected to the guest MPE/iX system console:
Using xhpterm
The xhpterm terminal emulation (an X Windows version of freevt3k ) does not support many terminal escape sequences used by historic HP3000 hardware, but it can be used to run block-mode applications. It must be used on a serial line set up for raw mode.
The following image shows an xhpterm window connected to the second serial line of an emulated MPE/iX system (running NMMGR):
Mapping the Block-Mode Enter key
The primary purpose for including this terminal emulator is to allow block-mode applications (like NMMGR ) to be run from the Linux desktop. xhpterm uses the numeric keypad Enter key to simulate block-mode Enter. If your keyboard does not have a numeric key pad, the Enter key can be mapped to another key or key combination using xmodmap on Linux.
Example mapping the numeric key pad Enter key to Right-Ctrl:
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$ xmodmap -pk | grep "Control_R"
You will receive an output similar to:
105 0xffe4 (Control_R) 0x0000 (NoSymbol) 55 0xffe4 (Control_R)
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Using Different Fonts
The default command-line to start xhpterm is: $ xhpterm -port 30000 -clean -font 10x20
If the 10x20 font is not found, you can try -font 6x13 instead.
Additional fonts (e.g. the 9x15 font) can be installed using the command
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When using xhpterm , avoid resizing the window - it can result in input and output fields in block-mode programs being misaligned. Changing the screen font will change the window size automatically, without causing this problem.
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Using Non-Graphical Telnet Client
In the absence of a graphical user environment, terminal emulators such as PuTTY and xhpterm cannot be used. In such cases, you can use the telnet command on the Charon host or from a remote system to access the serial console port of the emulated PA3 system.
The basic command syntax is as follows:
$ telnet <charon-host> <console-tcp-port>
Parameters:
- charon-host: IP address or hostname of the Charon-PAR host system on which the emulator runs
- console-tcp-port: The TCP port configured for the serial console port in the configuration file of the emulated PA3 system
Line-editing is very limited. To delete a character on the command-line, use CTRL+BACKSPACE. Note that the deleted character will still be visible until it is overwritten. Block-mode applications are not supported.
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Using PuTTY
The PuTTY terminal emulator is the preferred method to use as the Charon-PA3 console. It does not, however, support HP terminal escape sequences, so any inverse or highlighted text codes will be ignored, and block mode applications cannot be run. Using PuTTY in telnet mode (as supplied) allows use of the Break key. PuTTY supports copy and paste. To copy text to the clipboard, just select it with the left mouse button (this automatically copies the selection to the clipboard). To paste the clipboard into a PuTTY window, use Shift-Ins . Unfortunately, PuTTY cannot be used to reliably paste large blocks of text (even with MPE type-ahead enabled), as data overruns can easily occur.
By default, the emulator configuration is set up to start PuTTY on the console port with the command:
serial.uart0.device.command="putty -load HPA-Telnet" (default port 30000).
To start an terminal emulator manually, perform the following steps:
| Step | Command / Action | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Make sure the preconfigured PuTTY profiles are in the directory .putty/sessions or .config/putty/sessions in your home directory. | (see Charon-PAR Software Installation#PARSoftwareInstallation-Post-InstallationTasks) |
| 2 | Start PuTTY from the command-line. |
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| 3 | Should you get an error that a font was not found, change the font. | Start PuTTY from the command-line.
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| 4 | To connect from a remote host, change localhost in the template to the correct hostname or IP address. | Start PuTTY from the command-line.
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The image below shows a PuTTY terminal window connected to the guest MPE/iX system console:
Line-editing is very limited. To delete a character on the command-line, use BACKSPACE. Note that the deleted character will still be visible until it is overwritten. Block-mode applications are not supported.
Using xhpterm
The xhpterm terminal emulation (an X Windows version of freevt3k ) does not support many terminal escape sequences used by historic HP3000 hardware, but it can be used to run block-mode applications. It must be used on a serial line set up for raw mode.
The following image shows an xhpterm window connected to the second serial line of an emulated MPE/iX system (running NMMGR):
Mapping the Block-Mode Enter key
The primary purpose for including this terminal emulator is to allow block-mode applications (like NMMGR ) to be run from the Linux desktop. xhpterm uses the numeric keypad Enter key to simulate block-mode Enter. If your keyboard does not have a numeric key pad, the Enter key can be mapped to another key or key combination using xmodmap on Linux.
Example mapping the numeric key pad Enter key to Right-Ctrl:
| Step | Command | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Determine the key code of the Right-Ctrl key. |
You will receive an output similar to:
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| 2 | Redefine the key code to the numeric keypad Enter key. | $ xmodmap -e "keycode 105 = KP_Enter" |
| 3 | If original key mapping is required, reverse step 2. | $ xmodmap -e "keycode 105 = Control_R" |
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Using Different Fonts
The default command-line to start xhpterm is: $ xhpterm -port 30000 -clean -font 10x20
If the 10x20 font is not found, you can try -font 6x13 instead.
Additional fonts (e.g. the 9x15 font) can be installed using the command
# yum install xorg-x11-fonts-misc |
When using xhpterm , avoid resizing the window - it can result in input and output fields in block-mode programs being misaligned. Changing the screen font will change the window size automatically, without causing this problem.
Accessing Emulated Charon-PA9 Systems via Terminal Emulation
Using Non-Graphical Telnet Client
In the absence of a graphical user environment, terminal emulators such as PuTTY and xhpterm cannot be used. In such cases, you can use the telnet command on the Charon host or from a remote system to access the serial console port of the emulated PA3 system.
The basic command syntax is as follows:
$ telnet <charon-host> <console-tcp-port>
Parameters:
- charon-host: IP address or hostname of the Charon-PAR host system on which the emulator runs
- console-tcp-port: The TCP port configured for the serial console port in the configuration file of the emulated PA3 system
To make character deletion via the BACKSPACE key work on the command-line of HP-UX, you may have to enter the command$ stty erase <backspace-key> (and add it to your shell startup file, e.g., $HOME/.profile).
Using PuTTY
Stromasys provides preconfigured PuTTY profiles to access the serial console of an HP-UX system running on Charon-PAR. PuTTY does not support all control characters used by HP-UX, but many utilities (e.g., SAM) will work with some restrictions.
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Instead of PuTTY, you can also use the standard telnet command on your local or remote Linux system (telnet <charon-par-host> <port>). However, Stromasys does not provide profiles for this. To make character deletion via the BACKSPACE key work on the command-line of HP-UX, you may have to use the command $ stty erase <backspace-key>.
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Additional configuration steps to improve the behavior of the terminal emulation:
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